الاثنين، 20 أبريل 2020

  • Early life and education
  • Edit
  • Édouard Philippe, the son of French teachers, was born in Rouen in 1970 and grew up in a left-wing household. He has one sibling, a sister.[1] He comes from a family of dockworkers, a profession in which members of his family are still employed.[2] He grew up in a suburban neighbourhood in Rouen. He was at first a pupil at the Michelet School in Rouen before moving to Grand-Quevilly where he attended Jean-Texier College and later attending Lycée les Bruyères in Sotteville-lès-Rouen.[3]
  • He obtained his baccalauréat at the École de Gaulle-Adenauer in Bonn, and after a year in hypokhâgne, he studied at Sciences Po for three years and graduated in 1992, and later studied at the École nationale d'administration from 1995 to 1997 (the "Marc Bloch cohort").[4][5]
  • Philippe served as an artillery officer during his national service in 1994. He continued to serve in the operational reserve for several years afterwards.[6]
  • In his years at Sciences Po, he supported Michel Rocard and was influenced by him, identifying with the Rocardian and social democratic wings of the Socialist Party. His brief flirtation with the Socialists ended after Rocard was toppled from the leadership of the Socialist Party. After leaving the ÉNA in 1997, he went on to work at the Council of State,[4][5] specializing in public procurement law.[7]

  • Prime Minister
  • Edit
  • Aggregated opinion polls ("political barometers") monitoring Philippe's approval
  • On 15 May 2017, Philippe was appointed as Prime Minister by Emmanuel Macron after speculation he was a contender for the office alongside former Ecology Minister Jean-Louis Borloo, MoDem Leader François Bayrou and IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde.[13][14]
  • Philippe (centre) with Senate President Gérard Larcher (left) and then-National Assembly President François de Rugy (right) on Armistice Day, 11 November 2017
  • In the June 2017 legislative elections, Macron's party, renamed "La République En Marche!", together with its ally the Democratic Movement (MoDem), secured a comfortable majority, winning 350 seats out of 577, with his party alone winning an outright majority of 308 seats. Philippe is a member of The Republicans though he campaigned for La République En Marche! due to the party supporting his role as Prime Minister. He formed the Second Philippe government on 21 May 2017 following a series of resignations after scandal embroiled Ministers François Bayrou, Sylvie Goulard, Marielle de Sarnez and Richard Ferrand. This diminished Democratic Movement's representation in the government significantly.[15][16][17][18]
  • Philippe secured a vote of confidence and was allowed to govern with a majority government on 4 July 2017. Philippe was confirmed with a vote of 370 against 67.[19] Following the vote, Philippe addressed the parliament, talking about plans to tackle France's debt by raising cigarette tax and cutting spending.[20] Philippe also talked about plans to reduce corporate tax from 33.3% to 25% by 2022.[21] Philippe announced the government's labour reform plan which will give companies more power when it comes to negotiating conditions directly with their employees.[22] Labour reform was one of Macron's biggest election promises and has been seen as the government's biggest economic reform.[23]
  • On 12 July 2017, Philippe announced a new immigration plan. The plan attempts to speed up asylum claims from fourteen months to six, provide housing for 7,500 refugees by the end of 2019, improve living conditions for minors and deport economic migrants[24][25] The draft of the law will be introduced in September.[26]

  • Personal life
  • Edit
  • Philippe is married to Édith Chabre, the executive director of the School of Law at Sciences Po.[27][28] They have three children.[29][30]

  • Physical appearance
  • Edit
  • Since the middle of the 2010s, Philippe sports a short beard. He is the first Prime Minister with facial hair since Henri Queuille (Prime Minister in 1951[31] and the first one with a full beard since Alexandre Ribot (Prime Minister for four days in 1914).[32]

  • Published works
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  • Philippe has co-authored two works of fiction:

  • With Gilles Boyer (2007). L'Heure de vérité. Flammarion. ISBN 9782081237728.
  • With Gilles Boyer (2011). Dans l'ombre. Jean-Claude Lattès. ISBN 9782709637558. This political thriller recounts a presidential election mired in tricks and betrayals, culminating with the unmasking of the to-be-appointed Prime Minister's criminal history in extremis.[33]
  • Des hommes qui lisent. Jean-Claude Lattès. 2017. ISBN 9782709661430.
  • In 2015, he prefaced Promenades avec Oscar Niemeyer by Danielle Knapp, published by Petit à Petit.

  • References
  • Edit

    • Political offices
  • Succeeded by
  • Luc Lemonnier
  • Incumbent
  • Succeeded by
  • Jean-Louis Rousselin
  • Order of precedence
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